Veterinary Drug Name: Ivermectin Injection
English Name: Ivermectin Injection
Chinese Pinyin: Yiweijunsu Zhusheye
[Main Components] Ivermectin
[Properties] This product is almost colorless clear liquid, slightly viscous.
[Pharmacological action] Ivermectin has good killing effect on nematodes and arthropods in vivo. Its insecticidal mechanism is to promote the release of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from presynaptic neurons, thus opening GABA-mediated chloride channels. Ivermectin also has selectivity and high affinity for glutamate-mediated chloride channels near GABA-mediated sites in invertebrate nerve and muscle cells, thus interfering with signal transduction between nerves and muscles, causing laxity and paralysis of worms, leading to the death of worms or being excluded from the body. Inhibitory intermediate neurons and excitatory motor neurons of nematodes are the sites of action, while neuromuscular junctions are the sites of action in arthropods. The removal rates of haemonchus, ostris nematode, cypress nematode, Trichinella (including Trichinella albopictus), circular nematode, elevator nematode, nematode, trichinella, esophageal nematode, reticularia, adult and fourth stage larvae of sheep and sheep were 97%-100%. It is also effective for arthropods, such as maggots, mites and lice. It has a slightly worse effect on chewing lice and sheep, ticks and flies. Ivermectin is also very effective for ticks and flies that reproduce in feces. Drugs can not kill ticks immediately, but can affect feeding, molting and oviposition, thereby reducing reproductive capacity. The effect on blood flies is similar. The repellent rates of Ascaris lumbricoides, S. rubrum, S. langeri, Trichinella chamaejasme, E. ostreatus, S. posterior, C. denticulata adults and immature worms were 94%-100%. It was also very effective for intestinal Trichinella spiralis (not effective for muscular Trichinella spiralis). It also had good control effects on S. suis and S. suis mites. It is ineffective against trematodes and tapeworms.
Pharmacokinetics of ivermectin differs significantly from species, dosage forms and route of administration. The bioavailability of subcutaneous injection was higher than that of oral administration, but the absorption rate of oral administration was faster than that of subcutaneous injection. After absorption, it can well distribute to most tissues, but it is not easy to enter cerebrospinal fluid. The apparent distribution volumes of cattle, sheep and pigs were 0.45-2.4, 4.6 and 4 L/kg, respectively. In most animals, the half-life of cattle, sheep and pigs is 2-3, 2-7 and 0.5 days, respectively. This product is metabolized in liver, hydroxylated mainly in cattle and sheep, and methylated mainly in pigs. It is mainly excreted from feces, less than 5% of which are excreted from urine in the form of prototype or metabolites. In lactating mothers, up to 5% of the dosage is excreted from the milk.
[Drug Interaction]
It may cause severe or fatal encephalopathy when used in conjunction with ethamizine.
[Function and Use]
Macrolactone antiparasitic drugs. It is used to control nematode disease, mite disease and other parasitic insect diseases in livestock.
[Usage and dosage]
Subcutaneous injection: one dose per kg body weight, 0 for cattle and sheep
